Influence of delivering methods of drug on bronchodilation test with tidal lung function / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors influencing the improvement of tidal lung function bronchodilation test,and to provide evidence for the diagnosis of infant asthma. METHODS: Totally 71 infant patients diagnosed with asthma were included from clinic of Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics and alternativley assigned into two groups,who respectively received bronchodilator via pM DI(pMDI group)or nebulization(nebulization group),and bronchodilation test was performed. The effects of drug delivering methods on the bronchodilation test was compared,and the main observation indexes were respiratory rate(RR),VT/kg,inspiratory time(Ti),expiratory time(Te),Ti/Te,time to peak tidal expiratory flow as a proportion of expiratory time(TPTEF/TE),volume to peak expiratory flow as a proportion of exhaled volume(VPEF/VE)and peak tidal expiratory flow(PTEF). Further analysis was carried within each group. RESULTS: Twenty patients received bronchodilator via pM DI,and fifty-one patients received bronchodilator via nebulization. After drug delivery,the RR of the children in the pMDI group decreased significantly(P=0.003),and the Ti increased significantly(P=0.011). The VT/kg,Ti,Ti/Te,TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE increased significantly in nebulization group(all P<0.05). In the nebulization group,the improvement rate of TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE were significantly higher than that of pMDI group(all P<0.05). In the pMDI group,the Te,Ti/Te,TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE significantly improved in patients with severe airway obstruction(all P<0.05). The above parameters also improved after bronchodilation test in nebulization group. Compared in difference age groups,TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE in children over 2 years improved more significantly than those in children under 1 year(all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The effects of nebulization are better than pMDI in tidal lung function bronchodilation test. The improvement rate of tidal lung function is related to the degree of airway obstruction and the age of patients.

Genome editing for the treatment of tumorigenic viral infections and virus-related carcinomas / 医学前沿

Viral infections cause at least 10%-15% of all human carcinomas. Over the last century, the elucidation of viral oncogenic roles in many cancer types has provided fundamental knowledge on carcinogenetic mechanisms and established a basis for the early intervention of virus-related cancers. Meanwhile, rapidly evolving genome-editing techniques targeting viral DNA/RNA have emerged as novel therapeutic strategies for treating virus-related carcinogenesis and have begun showing promising results. This review discusses the recent advances of genome-editing tools for treating tumorigenic viruses and their corresponding cancers, the challenges that must be overcome before clinically applying such genome-editing technologies, and more importantly, the potential solutions to these challenges.

Effect of Ramaze Pain Relief Delivery Method Combined with Delivery Ball Care on the Outcome of Delivery / 沈阳医学院学报

Objective:To investigate the effect of Ramaze pain relief delivery method combined with delivery ball care on the outcome of delivery. Methods:A total of 90 puerpera who got antenatal examination and delivered in our hospital from Aug 2014 to Jun 2015 were selected and divided into 2 groups by random number table method. And 45 cases in the control group received conventional delivery care, while 45 cases in the observation group received Ramaze pain relief delivery method combined with delivery ball care. Their outcomes of delivery were observed. Results:Delivery process in the observation group were significantly shorter than in the control group (P<0.05) . The occurrence rate of maternal fetal abnormalities, uterine atony, fetal intrauterine distress in the observation group was 4.44%, which was significantly less than 33.33% in the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusions:Ramaze pain relief delivery method combined with delivery ball care can shorten delivery process,reduce the rate of dystocia,and reduce maternal pain. It is important in improving the prognosis of mothers and their infants,and worthy of promotion.

"""No Touch"" ostial cardioplegia delivery for aortic valve replacement" / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To summary and explore the indications,safety and effectiveness of no touch ostial cardioplegia delivery method during aortic valve replacement(AVR) for severe aortic insufficiency(AI),in order to provide guidance for clinical application.Methods Between September 2012 and February 2015,63 cases were randomly divided into two groups,in study group we used this technique in 31 patients with a mean age of(58.0 ± 15.0) years and a range of 31 to 74 years old.The degree of AI averaged (3.5 ± 0.5) according to a semiquantitative 5-grade scale[1].32 patients were enrolled in control group with a mean age of(60.4 ± 9.4) years and a range of 22 to 73 years old.The degree of AI averaged (3.6 ± 0.5).The abnormal aortic cusps were sutured though the aortic incision,which would be closed temporarily.Blood cardioplegia was infused repeatedly into the coronary osita through the closed aortic incision during the remainder of the procedure except AVR,when the closed aortic incision was reopened.Results In the study group,spontaneous resumption of nodal and normal sinus rhythm shortly after the removal of aortic cross-clamp was achieved in all patients,no hearts had to be electrically defibrillated and electrocardiogram showed no obvious S-T segment elevation.The time from cross-clamp removal to sinus rhythm was(12.3 ± 7.7) minutes in the study group,versus (18.6 ± 8.2) minutes in the control group(P =0.037).No operative mortality occurred in both groups.There was a significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction[from(0.54 ± 0.09) preoperatively to(0.62 ± 0.06) postoperatively] (P =0.005) in patients of the study group,which was not seen in patients of the control group.Conclusion Preliminary results have shown that the no touch ostial cardioplegia delivery method is a feasible method for cardioplegia infusion during aortic valve replacement in patients with severe AI.

The Influence on Birth Canal Laceration of New Head Delivery Method by Rapid Breathing / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of new delivery method of fetal head on the vaginal and perineal laceration at vaginal delivery. METHODS: In this prospective clinical trial of 291 parturients with singleton pregnancy at or more than 37 weeks' gestation, pregnant women were radomely assigned to classical delivery method (control group) or new delivery method (study group) of the fetal head from September 1999 to August 2000 at Chonnam National University Hospital. The frequency and degree of vaginal and perineal lacerations at vaginal delivery were compared between two groups. RESULTS: Perineal lacerations of the 3rd or 4th degree was developed in 20 women (13.8%) among 145 cases of control group and 6 women (4.1%) among 146 cases of study group (P<0.01). Vaginal wall laceration was developed in 55 women (37.9%) of the control group and 37 women (25.3%) of the study group (P<0.01). The incidence of the laceration of perineum and vaginal wall was significantly lower in the study group than that of control group. CONCLUSION: The new delivery method of fetal head was effective for reducing the laceration of perineum and vaginal wall at full-term vaginal delivery.

A Study Female of Fecal Incontinence: Effects of Parity & Delivery method / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of parity & delivery method on female fecal incontinence. METHOD: Based on 213 cases of 4 different delivery method and 40 cases of one non-delivery group, a retrospective analysis of the prevalence of female fecal incontinence, between January 1996 and December 1998, was done. With delivery mode, 4 different groups were: first vaginal delivery group , two or more vaginal deliveries group, first cesarean section group, and first vaginal delivery followed by cesarean section group. All subjects were examined by questionaire or phone about the experience of fecal incontinence after delivery. In cases of fecal incontinence , we reviewed the obstetric complications with medical records. RESULT: There was no fecal incontinence in the non-delivery group. The incidence of fecal incontinence in the two or more vaginal delivery group(11.7%, 9/77) and the first vaginal delivery followed by cesarean section group(18.1%, 8/44) was higher than the first vaginal delivery group(6.8%, 3/44), and the first cesarean section group(2.1%, 1/48)(P<0.05). The obstetric complications in fecal incontinence cases were: a prolonged second stage, anal sphincter laceration, vacuum extraction, a large baby etc. CONCLUSION: Fecal incontinence was significantly correlated with the number of vaginal deliveries and obstetric complications during delivery. Fecal incontinence after the first vaginal delivery or vaginal delivery followed by cesarean section are very important factors in choosing the next delivery method.

Decision-making process and satisfaction of pregnant women for delivery method / 예방의학회지

This study was conducted to assess the attitude of pregnant women toward delivery method, understanding of the reason for determining her own delivery method, participation in decision-making process and satisfaction with delivery method after labor. Study subjects were 693 pregnant women who had visited obstetric clinic for prenatal care in the last month of pregnancy in one general hospital and one obstetrics-gynecology specialty hospital in Taegu city from February 1 to March 31 in 1998. A questionnaire was administered before and after labor and a telephone interview was done one month after labor. Proportion of women who had health education and/or counselling about delivery method during prenatal care was 24.0% and this proportion was higher for women who had previous c-section(35.5%) than others. Women thought vaginal delivery is better than c-section for both maternal and baby's health regardless of previous delivery method. About 90% of primipara and multiparous women who had previous vaginal delivery wanted vaginal delivery for the index birth, while 85.6% of multiparous women who had previous c-section wanted repeat c-section. Reasons for choosing c-section in pregnant women who preferred vaginal delivery before labor were recommendation of doctors(81.9%), recommendation of husband(0.8%), agreement between doctor and pregnant woman(4.7%), and mother's demand(12.6%). Reasons for choosing vaginal delivery were mother's demand(30.6%) and no indication for c-section(67.2%). Reasons for choosing c-section in pregnant women who preferred c-section before labor were recommendation of doctors(76.2%), mother's demand(20.0%), recommendation of husband(1.3%), and agreement between doctor and pregnant woman(2.5%). Of the pregnant women who had c-section, by doctor's recommendation, the proportion of women who had heard detailed explanation about reason for c-section by doctor was 55.1%. Mother's statement about the reason for c-section was consistent with the medical record in 75.9%. However, over 5% points disparities were shown between mother's statement and medical record in cases of the repeat c-section and mother's demand. In primipara and multiparous women who had previous vaginal delivery, the delivery method for index birth had statistically significant association with the preference of delivery method before labor(p<0.05). All of the women who had previous c-section had delivered the index baby by c-section. Among mothers who had delivered the index baby vaginally, 84.9% of them were satisfied with their delivery method immediately after labor and 85.1% at 1 month after labor. However, mothers who had c-section stated that they are satisfied with c-section in 44.6% immediately after labor and 42.0% at 1 month after labor. Preferred delivery method for the next birth had statistically significant association with delivery method for the index birth both immediately after labor and in 1 month after labor. The proportion of mothers who prefer vaginal delivery for the next birth increased with the degree of satisfaction with the vaginal delivery for the index birth but the proportion of mothers who prefer c-section for the next birth was high and they did not change significantly with the degree of satisfaction with the c-section for the index birth. These results suggest that the current high technology-based, physician-centered prenatal and partritional cares need to be reoriented to the basic preventive and promotive technology-based, and mother-fetus-centered care. It is also suggested that active involvement of pregnant woman in decision-making process for the delivery method will increase the rate of vaginal birth after c-section and decrease c-section rate and improve the degree of maternal satisfaction after delivery.